t4

The Volkswagen Transporter T4 (marketed in North America as the Volkswagen Eurovan) is a van produced by German automaker Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles between 1990 and 2003, succeeding the Volkswagen Type 2 (T3) and superseded by the Transporter T5.

Introduced in 1990, the T4 was the first in a line of Volkswagen Transporters to have a front-mounted, water-cooled engine. Prompted by the success of similar moves with their passenger cars, Volkswagen had toyed in the late 1970s with the idea of replacing their air-cooled, rear-engined Type 2 vans with a front-engined, water-cooled design. The reasons for deciding in 1980 to instead introduce a new rear-engined Type 2 (T3)/Vanagon are unclear. Thus, the introduction of a front-engined layout was delayed until the arrival of the T4

After a production run of nearly 14 years, T4 production ceased in 2003, making it second only to the T1 for length of production in its home market.

The T4 was produced in five basic body types: Panel Van (without any windows behind the b-pillar), Kombi Van or Half-Panel (with windows between the b and c-pillars), /Multivan (with windows all round), Westfalia (a VW-produced campervan) and either a single or double cab (Doka – deriving from German: Doppelkabine) — with a pick-up style platform behind it.

They were two standard wheelbases available; “short” (2,920 mm or 115 in) and “long” (3,320 mm or 131 in) and a variety of different roof heights, including a pop-top roof for campers.

Long and short-nose

There was one major facelift to the T4, in 1996, when a re-shaped, longer front end was introduced. This was needed to fit the six-cylinder VR6 engine into the T4’s engine bay. Initially, only Caravelles and Multivans were available with the longer nose, since these were the only models available with the VR6 engine. The commercial variants continued to be produced with the shorter nose until 1999. However, campers and other specialist vehicles produced between 1994 and 1999 may have either the short or the long nose, depending on which model was used as the base vehicle. In keeping with the Type 2’s naming convention, the short and long-nose versions are also informally known as T4a and T4b, respectively.

The Transporter T4 was exported to North America from 1992 until 2003 under the moniker Eurovan. In the US, the short wheelbase Eurovan 5-cylinder passenger models (CL, GL, GLS, and MV) were only sold for model year 1993. Smaller than a standard American delivery van, but larger than an American or Japanese passenger minivan, Volkswagen played up its size with the slogan, “EuroVan: There’s nothing mini about it”. VW only imported them to the US for one year because sales in the US were disappointing, but sales continued in Canada and Mexico. VW imported the short wheelbase Eurovan 5-cylinder gas engine passenger models (CL, GL, GLS, MV Weekender and Westfalia Camperised) to Canada from 1991 to 1996. The 77 hp 2,4L diesel engine was optional in Canada between 1993 to 1996. The long wheelbase version was also offer in 1992 only as a 10 seaters CL or GL model trim. Combi and crwecab pick-up version (sold as Transporter) were also available in 1992. A panel version (long wb only) was sold from 1993 to 1997. VW reintroduced the Eurovan passenger models in the US for model year 1999 with a VR6 engine as standard, and discontinued it again with worldwide T4s after 2003. The manual transmission was not offered in North America with the VR6 engine.

The Eurovan Camper by Winnebago was introduced in the US and Canada in 1995 with the five-cylinder engine, and was upgraded to the VR6 for the 1997-2003 models. These were only available on the longer 3,320 mm (131 in) wheelbase T4. These small pop top camper vans are unique in North America and have developed a cult following.

Winnebago also built three small Class C motorhomes with the forward cab of the T4/Eurovan called the Rialta, Vista, and Sunstar(Itasca branded). The Rialta was available in 1995-1996 with the five-cylinder engine, in 1997-2001 with the AES version of the VR6, and in 2002-2005 with the AXK engine. The Vista and Sunstar were only produced in 2002-2004, all using the AXK engine.

In the U.S., the models were: